It Workshop Lab Viva Questions — And Answers

A14: A network utility to test reachability of a host and measure round-trip time using ICMP echo requests/replies.

A17: A feature to create multiple personalized documents (letters, emails) using a template and a data source (Excel, CSV).

Q1: What are the main components inside a CPU cabinet? A1: Motherboard, Processor (CPU), RAM, Hard Disk (HDD/SSD), SMPS (Power Supply), Graphics Card (optional), Cooling fans, and CMOS battery.

A3: HDD uses magnetic platters and moving heads (slower, mechanical, cheaper per GB). SSD uses flash memory (faster, no moving parts, more expensive, durable). it workshop lab viva questions and answers

A2: Switched-Mode Power Supply converts AC mains (230V) to low-voltage DC (3.3V, 5V, 12V) required by computer components.

A12: IPv4 has 32-bit addresses (e.g., 192.168.1.1) — ~4.3 billion addresses. IPv6 has 128-bit addresses (e.g., 2001:0db8::1) — virtually unlimited.

A13: Media Access Control address — a unique hardware identifier burned into NIC (e.g., 00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E). Works at Data Link Layer. A14: A network utility to test reachability of

A5: Power-On Self-Test — a diagnostic process performed by BIOS/UEFI at startup to check hardware (RAM, disk, keyboard, etc.) before loading the OS. 🖥️ Section 2: Operating Systems (Windows & Linux) Q6: What is an Operating System? A6: System software that manages hardware resources, provides user interface, and allows application software to run.

A4: RAM (Random Access Memory) stores temporary data for running programs. It is volatile because data is lost when power is turned off.

A9: / (forward slash) — the top-most directory in the Linux file system hierarchy. A1: Motherboard, Processor (CPU), RAM, Hard Disk (HDD/SSD),

A7: 64-bit OS can address more than 4 GB RAM, processes data in 64-bit chunks, and runs 64-bit applications. 32-bit is limited to ~4 GB RAM.

A8: Linux is open-source, free, highly customizable, uses kernel-based architecture, and has many distributions. Windows is proprietary, paid, user-friendly, and widely used for desktops.